How to Choose the Right Ball Valve for Pipeline Applications

What Is a Ball Valve in Pipeline Applications?

A ball valve is a quarter-turn valve that uses a spherical closure element (ball) to control fluid flow. In pipeline systems, ball valves are primarily used for:

• On/off isolation

• Emergency shut-off

• Pigging operations

• High-pressure flow control

Because pipelines often operate under high pressure and harsh environments, ball valves used in pipelines must meet strict international standards and performance requirements.

Key Factors to Consider When Selecting a Pipeline Ball Valve

2. Pressure Rating and Size

Pipeline ball valves must be selected based on:

• Nominal size (DN / NPS)

• Pressure class (ASME Class or PN)

• Maximum operating pressure

Common pipeline valve pressure classes include:

• Class 150 / 300 / 600

• Class 900 / 1500 / 2500

Oversizing or undersizing a valve can lead to operational inefficiencies and safety risks, so accurate system data is essential.

1. Valve Design: Floating vs Trunnion Mounted

The first decision is choosing the appropriate valve design.

Floating Ball Valves

• Suitable for small to medium sizes

• Lower pressure applications

• Simple structure and cost-effective

Trunnion Mounted Ball Valves

• Recommended for large-diameter pipelines

• High-pressure and long-distance transmission

• Reduced operating torque and improved sealing reliability

For most oil and gas transmission pipelines, trunnion mounted ball valves are the preferred choice due to their stability and durability.

3. Applicable Standards and Certifications

Compliance with international standards is critical for pipeline projects.

For pipeline ball valves, the most commonly required standards include:

• API 6D – Pipeline valves

• ISO 14313 – Petroleum and natural gas industries — Pipeline transportation systems

• ASME B16.34 – Valve design and pressure ratings

For export and EPC projects, API 6D certification is often mandatory.

👉 If you are sourcing pipeline valves, working with an API 6D certified manufacturer is strongly recommended.

4. Material Selection

Material choice depends on:

• Medium (oil, gas, crude, sour service)

• Operating temperature

• Corrosion environment

Common materials include:

• Carbon steel (WCB, A105)

• Low-temperature carbon steel (LCC, LF2)

• Stainless steel (CF8, CF8M)

For sour service applications, valves must comply with NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 requirements.

5. Sealing Performance and Safety Features

Pipeline ball valves should offer:

• Reliable upstream and downstream sealing

• Fire-safe design (API 607 / API 6FA)

• Anti-static and blowout-proof stem design

For critical pipelines, double block and bleed (DBB) functionality is often specified to enhance operational safety.

Common Mistakes When Choosing Pipeline Ball Valves

Many valve selection issues arise from the following mistakes:

• Selecting valves based on price only

• Ignoring applicable pipeline standards

• Underestimating operating pressure and temperature

• Choosing non-certified manufacturers

Avoiding these errors can significantly reduce maintenance costs and unplanned downtime.

Recommended Ball Valves for Pipeline Applications

For oil and gas pipeline systems, API 6D ball valves are widely recognized as the industry standard.

They are designed specifically for:

• Long-distance transmission pipelines

• High-pressure applications

• Reliable shut-off and pigging operations

Engineering Support

Choosing the right ball valve for pipeline applications requires careful consideration of valve design, pressure rating, standards, materials, and safety features. Working with an experienced and certified manufacturer ensures compliance, reliability, and long-term performance.

If you are planning a pipeline project or need assistance selecting suitable ball valves, professional technical support is essential.

Send us your pipeline specifications or drawings. Our engineering team will review your requirements and provide suitable valve solutions and technical documentation.